Parenting Styles and Academic Performance of Students in Social Studies in Secondary Schools
Parenting Styles and Academic Performance of Students in Social Studies in Secondary Schools
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of parenting style and students’ academic performance in social studies in Itu Local government Area. To achieve this, two research questions and two research hypotheses were formulated to guide the study.
Ten items questionnaire was used as the main instrument for data collection. Five public secondary schools and one hundred and fifty (150) Junior secondary school students in 2017/2018 academic session was the sample size of the study. A survey research design was employed for the study. The data was analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) analysis.
The findings therefore revealed that there was a significant relationship between parenting styles and students’ academic performance in social studies in secondary schools in Itu Local Government Area.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Social environment in which individual find his/her self to a large extent determines his/her behaviour and personality development. The social environment and its features originated from different families with their respective styles or ways of guidance which is termed as parenting style. Parenting is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood. It is the intricacies of raising a child and not exclusively to biological relationship.
Though it varies by historical time, period, background and social features, it is the parents that provides physical needs of the child after the first and most continuing social contact and other emotional satisfactions, including quality education that will last for life time, teaching the most of social requirements of their behaviours and often put them in contact with other social institution (Murdock, 2005).
Parenting Styles and Academic Performance of Students in Social Studies in Secondary Schools
It is pertinent for parents to adhere to the ethics of good parenting and work adequately in close contact with their children during the period of infancy to adulthood.
The warmth which can only be provided by parents gives their children the sense of belonging and affection which enhance mental, physical, moral and educational development.
If a student is denied this much need of parental affection and warmth during the vital period in life he/she becomes negatively affected in all aspects of life including education (Colemen, 2003). As a matter of fact parents devote a lot of resources to their children education because they believe that good education provides functional citizenry.
The academic performance of students to a large extent depends on parenting style adopted by parents. It is believed that education of the child begins at home, having seen family as the primary agent of socialization. As such, parenting style has much influence on the child development and academic achievement.
Having accepted this line of thought, it is ideal to say that a correct and balance relationship between parents and their children is one of the factors that determine the child development as well as academic performance in school. To this effect, parent have a lot to do to ensure the mental emotional, psychological balance, value, orientation, aspiration and personality of the child to a greater standard.
Consequently, Adeyenka (2012) noted that maladaptive behaviour arises when parent fails to take responsibilities. He added that children that are raised from economically disadvantaged background are more likely to have poor academic performance. it is however on this note that the study is carried out to substantiate the above divergent claim by determining the underlying influence of parenting style and academic performance of social studies students in secondary schools in Itu Local Government Area.
Parenting Styles and Academic Performance of Students in Social Studies in Secondary Schools
1.2 Statement of the Problem
There has been a public concern on the declining state of students academic performance in both public and private schools examination over the years, especially at secondary school level.
Accordingly, several research reports have indicated that student perform poorly in secondary school social science subject especially in social studies (Nwabo, 2011). As a matter of fact, many topics were suggested to have been the cause of these learning failures among whom are teaching methods, class size, school environment, school location and classroom variables etc. Despite the effort exerted by concern citizens of this nation and other agencies to put a stop to this problem, all their efforts seem to be abortive.
As a result of this, parents have pointed accusing fingers on teachers in respect to their teaching outcome while teachers inturn put the blame on government on their inability to provide basic educational materials to schools (Hewilt, 2006).
This has been a subject of concern to the researcher which necessitates the study, parenting style and academic performance of students in social studies in secondary school in Itu Local Government Area.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of parenting styles on academic performance of students in Social Studies inn secondary schools in Itu Local Government Area. Specifically, the study sought to:
(i) Examine the influence of democratic parenting style on academic performance of students in social studies in Itu Local Government Area.
(ii) Investigate the influence of neglectful parenting style on students academic performance in social studies in Itu Local Government.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The research of this nature shall be of the huge significance of the following individuals in the following ways:
(i) It will aid a number of parents to choose an appropriate parenting style which will be of immense enhancement to the academic performance of students.
(ii) It will help the curriculum planners to design a curriculum with reference to all types of parenting style in order to accommodate all the learners.
(iii) It will help the teacher to identify the problem of individual students and acknowledge the fact that the students are not from the same background.
1.5 Research Questions
The following research questions were formulated for the purpose of the study.
(i) Is there any significant relationship between democratic parenting style and students academic performance in social studies?
(ii) Is there any significant relationship between neglectful type of parenting style and students academic performance in social studies.
1.6 Research Hypotheses
The following research hypotheses were formulated to guide the study.
(i) There is no significant relationship between democratic parenting style and students academic performance in social studies.
(ii) There is no significant relationship between neglectful type of parenting style and students academic performance in social studies.
1.7 Limitation of the Study
The researcher encountered some challenges in the course of conducting this research work, the major factors that would have hindered this project include:
- Financial constraint: This was one of the limitations faced by the researcher due to insufficient funds from parents that would have foster the availability of empirical data for the study.
- Time frame: The time allocated for the researcher was short for the completion if the research work.
1.8 Delimitation of the Study
The are many factors affecting the academic performance of students, but this study only investigate the influence of parenting styles and academic performance of students in secondary school in social studies in Itu Local Government Area.
1.9 Definition of Terms
The following terms are defined as conceptualized by the researcher according to its usage in the context.
Parenting styles: the term parenting refers to the way, method, manner adopted by parent in children’s up bringing.
Democratic parenting styles: This is a strategy of parenting which parents set reasonable rules and guidelines in the family for the betterment or interest of the family in order to checkmate ordinance within the family circle.
Neglectful parenting: This refers to the parenting styles in which the parents are unable to take proper and necessary responsibilities that are expected of them toward their children upbringing.
Academic performance: This is the outcome of learning experience attained by students in a given subject usually reflect in a test score or grade obtained by students in the learning of any subject.
Social studies: This is defined as the study of man and his environment.
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